| The first excerpt represents the element of Air. It speaks of mental influences and the process of thought, and is drawn from Democracy In America, Volume 1 by Alexis de Toqueville: subsistence to the individuals who conduct its affairs; but
enormous sums are lavished to meet the exigencies or to
facilitate the enjoyments of the people. *j The money raised by
taxation may be better employed, but it is not saved. In
general, democracy gives largely to the community, and very
sparingly to those who govern it. The reverse is the case in
aristocratic countries, where the money of the State is expended
to the profit of the persons who are at the head of affairs.
[Footnote j: See the American budgets for the cost of indigent
citizens and gratuitous instruction. In 1831 $250,000 were spent
in the State of New York for the maintenance of the poor, and at
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The second excerpt represents the element of Fire. It speaks of emotional influences and base passions, and is drawn from Faraday as a Discoverer by John Tyndall: formed a resolution, in his cool ones he made that resolution good.
Thus his fire was that of a solid combustible, not that of a gas,
which blazes suddenly, and dies as suddenly away.
And here I must claim your tolerance for the limits by which I am
confined. No materials for a life of Faraday are in my hands, and
what I have now to say has arisen almost wholly out of our close
personal relationship.
Letters of his, covering a period of sixteen years, are before me,
each one of which contains some characteristic utterance;--strong,
yet delicate in counsel, joyful in encouragement, and warm in
affection. References which would be pleasant to such of them as
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