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The excerpt represents the core issue or deciding factor on which you must meditate, and is drawn from Court Life in China by Isaac Taylor Headland: peace, the Japanese refused to accept him, nor were they willing
to take up the matter until "Li Hung-chang was appointed envoy,
chiefly because of his great influence over the government, and
the respect in which he was held by the people." We all know how
he went, how he was shot in the face by a Japanese fanatic, the
ball lodging under the left eye, where it remained a memento
which he carried to the grave. We all know how he recovered from
the wound, and how because of his sufferings he was able to
negotiate a better treaty than he could otherwise have done. Then
he returned home, and only "the friendship of the Empress and his
own personal sufferings saved his life," says Colonel Denby, for
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